大气细颗粒物中的可溶和非可溶组分对细胞的毒性作用

CYTOTOXICITY OF SOLUBLE AND INSOLUBLE COMPONENTS OF ATMOSPHERIC FINE PARTICULATE MATTER

 

职称论文发表摘要： 随着经济发展和城市化进程，灰霾已经成为我国重要的环境问题，严重影响公众健康。其中细颗粒物（PM2.5）是灰霾产生的重要原因。PM2.5是空气动力学当量直径小于2.5 μm的颗粒物，能够很容易的进入到肺泡，后经过气血屏障进入血液循环系统，进而对人体造成危害。本论文采集济南市PM2.5样品，将PM2.5颗粒物可溶组分和非可溶组分分离，研究不同组分颗粒物对人体肺腺癌细胞（A549）的毒性，深入研究PM2.5进入肺部后对人体产生危害的机制。实验结果显示，PM2.5能够使细胞生长状态变差，降低细胞的存活率，刺激细胞活性氧自由基（ROS）水平升高，且PM2.5对细胞产生的这些影响存在剂量-效应关系。就PM2.5不同组分的毒性作用进行分析，全组分的毒性高于非可溶组分和可溶组分，其中非可溶组分在降低细胞存活率及刺激ROS水平升高的作用强于可溶组分。通过以上的实验结果可以得出PM2.5非可溶组分和可溶组分均对细胞产生毒性作用，且非可溶组分导致细胞存活率更低。本研究结果对评价大气颗粒污染物对人体的健康危害有重要意义。

关键词： 环境科学；PM2.5；细胞毒性；非可溶组分；可溶组分 

LIU Ling， ZHOU Qiuhua， WANG Qi， JIANG Wei*

（  Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100；  ）

Abstract： With the development of economy and the process of urbanization, haze has become an important environmental problem in China, which seriously affects the public health. The atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an important cause of haze. PM2.5 (aerodynamic equivalent diameter < 2.5 μm) can go directly to the alveoli lung.They can pass multilayer barriers of the respiratory system and even blood-air barrier, finally arrive at remote organs and threaten human health. In this study, PM2.5 samples were collected in Jinan. The soluble and insoluble components of PM2.5 samples were separated to study their cytotoxicity on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell lines.The mechanism of the harmful effects of PM2.5 on human health was discussed. The experimental results show that PM2.5 induces worse cell growth status, lower cell survival rate, and stimulate cells to increase cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. The above mentioned negative effects are related to the dose of PM2.5. The toxicities of whole PM2.5 components were higher than those of non-soluble or soluble components. The insoluble components reduce cell viability and increase ROS level more seriously than the soluble components. In summary, both insoluble and soluble components of PM2.5 induce toxic effects on cells, but the insoluble fraction leads to higher cell death rate. This study is helpful to evaluate the health hazard caused by the contaminant of atmospheric particulate matter.

Keywords： environmental science;PM2.5; cytotoxicity; insoluble fraction; soluble fraction