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总览 评价 特古斯 , 董杰 , 郭世荣 * ( 内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,呼和浩特 010022; ) 摘要: 本文探讨了晚清弧三角术的稳定与变迁,说明了中西会通的结果。晚清学者拒绝弧三角数理,维持了弧三角旧术,这与中体西用的要求有关。在长达30年的时
特古斯, 董杰, 郭世荣*
(
内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,呼和浩特 010022; )
摘要:
本文探讨了晚清弧三角术的稳定与变迁,说明了中西会通的结果。晚清学者拒绝弧三角数理,维持了弧三角旧术,这与中体西用的要求有关。在长达30年的时间里,一般学者都觉得弧三角应当中体西用,有关结果应当作图以明其理。不过,随着数学教育的改革,清末学者开始西体西用。他们逐渐意识到,数学家在逻辑定义的基础上可以自由地引用自己的概念,而经验证据对于三角学并不是绝对重要的。1907年,三角学的结构发生了变化,弧三角术获得形式基础。
关键词:
弧三角;三角数理;晚清数学史
Tegusi1,, DONG Jie2,, GUO Shirong2,*
(
1、Institute for the History of Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot 010022; 2、Institute for the History of Science and Technology of Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot,010022; )
Abstract:
In this paper, the structure and change of spherical trigonometry in late Qing are Discussed, and the results of mathematical exchanges between China and the west are explained. The late Qing scholars refused the algebraic operations and kept the old methods on, which had something to do with their traditional system. In 30 years long time, they held that the spherical trigonometry shold be suited to their traditional system, and the fundamentals shuld be illustrated. However, with the educational reform, the scholars in the end of Qing began to accept western system. Gradually, they realized that mathematicians could cite own concepts freely on the basis of logical definition, and the empiric evidence was not absolutely important for the trigonometry. In 1907, the structure of trigonometry changed, the spherical trigonometry got a formal basis.
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