王琦^*， 孔令鑫

（  东北大学信息科学与工程学院，沈阳市 110004；  ）

摘要： 本文研制了一种基于双熔点拉锥型光子晶体光纤的马赫增德尔干涉仪，通过在两段普通单模光纤（SMF）之间熔接一小段光子晶体光纤（PCF），并在两个熔接区进行拉锥来激发光子晶体光纤高阶包层模式，从而提高折射率测量的灵敏度。基于仿真和实验探究了折射率传感灵敏度与光子晶体光纤长度和锥腰直径的关系，结果表明，折射率的灵敏度随着光子晶体光纤长度的增加和锥腰直径的减小而增加。在1.3333-1.373的折射率变化范围内，熔接区未拉锥时干涉长度（即光子晶体光纤长度）为4cm的干涉仪的折射率灵敏度最大达到224.2 nm/RIU，熔接区拉锥至锥腰直径60.4μm时折射率灵敏度达到260.8 nm/RIU，灵敏度提高了16.3%。且研究表明该传感结构具有良好的线性度和重复性。
关键词： 检测技术与自动化装置；折射率测量；马赫-曾德尔干涉仪；光子晶体光纤；高灵敏度

WANG Qi^*， KONG Lingxin

（  College Of Information Science and Engineering,Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004；  ）

Abstract： The paper proposed and studied a Mach-Zehnder mode interferometer refractive index sensor, which is based on splicing points tapered SMF-PCF-SMF (SMF, single-mode fiber; PCF, photonic crystal fiber) structure. The refractive index measurement sensitivity of splicing points tapered SMF-PCF-SMF Mach-Zehnder mode interferometer can be enhanced further through utilizing effective refractive index of photonic crystal fiber cladding high-order modes are more sensitive to surrounding refractive index changes. Relations between refractive index measurement sensitivity and photonic crystal fiber length and taper waist diameter are studied through numerical simulations and experiments. Simulation and experimental results show that sensitivity will be increased with the increase of photonic crystal fiber length and the decrease of taper waist diameter. In the refractive range of 1.3333-1.3737, splicing points tapered SMF-PCF-SMF Mach-Zehnder mode interferometer with PCF length of 4cm and taper waist diameter of 60.4μm has refractive index measurement sensitivity of 260.8nm/RIU, compared with sensitivity of 224.2nm/RIU of direct splicing SMF-PCF-SMF Mach-Zehnder mode interferometer with PCF length of 4cm, the sensitivity increased by 16.3%. The research shows that the sensing structure is with good linearity and repeatability.

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