吴建建^1，， 任维政^2，*

（  1、北京邮电大学电子工程学院，北京，100876；       2、北京邮电大学，电子工程学院，天工俊联物联网工程联合实验室，北京，100876；  ）

摘要： 量子信息学是一门利用微观粒子的量子力学原理来解决经典信息学和经典计算机所不能解决的问题的学科。量子通信是量子信息学最重要的应用方向之一，它是电话和光通信之后在通信技术上的又一次革命，是量子力学与经典通信相融合的一门新兴交叉学科。量子信息学告诉人们，在微观世界里，不论两个粒子间距离多远，一个粒子的变化都会影响另一个粒子，这就是所谓的量子纠缠现象，这一现象被爱因斯坦称为"诡异的互动性"。量子通信作为一个既古老又新鲜的话题，近年来的大基础科学研究计划，预计"可能在20-30年后对人类社会经济发展产生难以估量的影响。本文主要介绍了量子通信的基本内容，系统模型以及国内外的一个发展现状，最后给出量子通信的发展趋势和展望。
关键词： 量子通信；量子密钥分发；量子隐形传态

Wu Jianjian^1,， Ren Weizheng^2,*

（  1、Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunication,School of Electronic Science and Techmology,Beijing,100876；       2、Beijing university of posts and telecommunications, electronic engineering institute, Tiangongjunlian Internet of things engineering joint laboratory；  ）

Abstract： Quantum Information Science is a discipline that use microscopic particles of the principles of quantum mechanics to solve classical informatics and classical problem which computers cannot solve. Quantum Communication is one of the most important direction of the application of quantum information science, it is another revolution in communication technology after the telephone and optical communication, as well as a new cross subject of the integration of quantum mechanics and classical communication. Quantum Information Science tell people, in the microscopic world, no matter how far the distance between the two particles, a particle change will affect the other particles, this is known as quantum entanglement phenomenon, this phenomenon is referred to as the "strange interactivity" by Einstein. Quantum communication as a topic of both old and new, as a big basic science research projects in recent years, is expected to exert incalculable impact on human social and economic development in the coming 20 to 30 years. In this paper we mainly introduced the basic content, basic components of Quantum Communication and a domestic and foreign development present situation. The trend of quantum communication is given as well.

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