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总览 评价 张春霞 1，* ， 姬楠楠 1， ， 王冠伟 2， （ 1、 西安交通大学数学与统计学院,西安 710049 ； 2、 西安交通大学机械学院,西安 710049； ） 摘要： 受限波尔兹曼机(Restrocted Boltzmann Machines,RBM)是一类具有两层结构、对称连接且无自反馈的随
张春霞1，*， 姬楠楠1，， 王冠伟2，
（
1、西安交通大学数学与统计学院,西安 710049 ； 2、西安交通大学机械学院,西安 710049； ）
摘要：
受限波尔兹曼机(Restrocted Boltzmann Machines,RBM)是一类具有两层结构、对称连接且无自反馈的随机神经网络模型,层间全连接,层内无连接。近年来,随着RBM的快速学习算法昭对比散度的出现,机器学习界掀起了研究RBM理论及应用的热潮。实践表明,RBM是一种有效的特征提取方法,用于初始化前馈神经网络可明显提高泛化能力,堆叠多个RBM组成的深度信念网络能提取更抽象的特征。鉴于RBM的优点及其广泛应用, 本文对RBM的基本模型、学习算法、参数设置、评估方法、变形算法等进行了详细介绍,最后探讨了RBM在未来值得研究的方向。
关键词：
机器学习；深度学习； 受限波尔兹曼机；对比散度；Gibbs采样
ZHANG ChunXia1,*， JI Nan-Nan2,， WANG Guan-Wei3,
（
1、School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\'an Jiaotong University, Xi\'an 710049 ； 2、 School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\'an Jiaotong University, Xi\'an 710049 ； 3、 School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\'an Jiaotong University, Xi\'an 710049； ）
Abstract：
A Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is a particular type of random neural network model which has two-layer architecture, symmetric connections and no self-feedback. The two layers in an RBM are fully connected but there are no connections within the same layer. Recently, with the advent of a fast learning algorithm for RBM (i.e., contrastive divergence), the machine learning community set off a surge to study the theory and applications of RBM since it has many advantages. For example, RBM is an effective method to detect features. When a feed-forward neural network is initialized with an RBM, its generalization capability can be significantly improved. A deep belief network composed of several RBMs can detect more abstract features. Due to the advantages and wide applications of RBM, this paper attempts to provide a started guide for novice. It presents a detailed introduction of basic RBM model, its representative learning algorithm, parametric settings, evaluation methods, its variants and etc. Finally, some research directions of RBM that are deserved to be further studied are discussed.
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